ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of hesperidin on cardiac function and ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) in mice.Methods Ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) was operated to establish MI model.Forty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly (random number) divided into control and MI group;and 24 h after LAD ligation,mice in MI group were further divided into MI control and hesperetin group.Eight weeks later,cardiac function and structure changes were determined by the methods of hemodynamic measurement and echocardiography.HE staining was used to measure crosssectional area (CSA) of atrial myocytes,and PSR staining was applied for observe collagen deposition and calculation of collagen volume fraction (CVF).Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of cardiac hypertrophy markers (ANP,BNP and β-MHC) and cardiac fibrosis markers (Collagen Ⅰ,Collagen Ⅲ and CTGF).The contents of superoxide anion and hydroxy radical were detected by colorimetric method.Results Compared with control group,left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) and interventricular septum thickness (IVST) were increased to be thicker,left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were significantly lower,and ± dp/dtmax was remarkably reduced in MI control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with MI control group,hesperetin could increaseLVFS [(29.48±3.87)％ vs.(20.69±3.99) ％],LVEF [(46.40±1.68)％ vs.(30.51± 1.17) ％] and ±dp/dtmax [(3 344.33 ±269.57) mmHg/S vs.(2 205.19 ±224.17) mmHg/S;(2250.40±218.35) mmHg/S vs.(-1 566.91 ±217.37) mmHg/S];but could reduce LVPWT [(2.29±0.05) mm vs.(2.85±0.10)mm]andIVST[(1.44±0.09) mm vs.(1.89±0.06) mm].Compared with control group,CSA and CVF were significantly increased in MI control mice.However,hesperetin could reduce CSA and CVF.Compared with control group,the mRNA expressions of cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis markers were significantly increased in MI control mice;but hesperetin could significantly inhibit the mRNA expressions of cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis markers.Additionally,hesperetin could significantly reduce the contents of superoxide anion and hydroxy radical.Conclusion Hesperetin intervention can inhibit ventricular structure change,and improve hemodynamics and cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction via inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of low molecular weight heparin in treatment of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods PubMed, BMA, EMbase, ASP, Cochrane Library, EMCC, CBM, CNKI, CECDB, CQVIP, and VIP databases were searched to identify the relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from the publications during the period from January 1994 to January 2014. The search terms were “low molecular heparin”, “severe community-acquired pneumonia”, “prognosis” in both Chinese and English. The quality of the included studies were strictly evaluated and data were extracted. Stata/SE version 12 software was used for systematic review and meta-analysis.Results Six RCTs were ifnally qualiifed in the analysis, including a total of 208 cases in treatment group and 196 cases in control group. The patients in control group received conventional therapy, while the patients in treatment group received low molecular weight heparin by subcutaneous injection as add-on to conventional therapy. Meta-analysis showed that after treatment with low molecular weight heparin for 7 days, the APACHE II score of severe CAP patients signiifcantly decreased (P = 0.43,I2 = 0%, SMD = -0.70, 95%CI: - 0.90, -0.49) with controllable publication bias (bias_p = 0.93, bias_95CI: -6.79, 6.37). The PaO2 of severe CAP patients signiifcantly increased (P = 0.858,I2 =0%, SMD = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.72) with controllable publication bias (bias_p =0.770, bias_95CI: -4.82, 5.90). However, after low molecular weight heparin treatment for 7 days, the PaCO2 of severe CAP patients did not change significantly (SMD = -0.17, 95 %CI: -0.38, 0.04).Conclusion Low molecular weight heparin is beneifcial in the treatment of severe CAP patients in terms of signiifcantly decreased APACHE II score, increased oxygenation, and improved clinical symptoms.